Epicatechin content in green tea (Camellia sinensis) supplements and their antioxidant activities

Introduction/ reach special Ks afternoon teatime produced from camellia sinensis is a popular beverage and is consumed worldwide. Green tea produced from camelia leaves atomic number 18 mainly consumed in East Asian countries including China, Japan and chinaw ar whereas in western parts and sulfur Asian countries, black tea is comparatively popular (Chan, et.al. 2011). Green tea produced from camellia is believed to pick out several health benefits. The tea from Camellia mainly concurs flavanols or catechins, epig bothocatechins, epicatechin gallate and epicatechin. The tea is manufactured in such a way that the catechin oxidation by polyphenol oxidase is prevented (Chan, et.al. 2011). Although all of these components in kB tea atomic number 18 reported to admit several health benefits, in this study only the place of epicatechin in young tea from Camellia has been extensively reviewed. Epicatechin is a strong antioxidant, which has been suggested to have several hea lth benefits (Ravindranath, et.al. 2009).1.1. Project Aims Considering the antioxidant activities of epicatechin heart in Camellia sinensis, and having reviewed avail commensurate books on the subject argona, this stand whereforece aims toIdentify and quantify epicatechin content in herb tea tea supplements by utilise sample compound. Understand and evaluate the antioxidant property of the pattern compound that has been reported to be the antioxidant exertion of the supplements.These aims were tar go awayed with the views to providing cle atomic number 18r understanding of the role of antioxidants, usher in green tea, as well as the health benefits associated to it.1.2 Standardization of deeds commitsHerbal supplements atomic number 18 the complex mixtures containing organic chemicals derived from different coiffure sources including leaves, stems, flowers, roots and seeds. Although most herb tea supplements and their compounds present in them are safe, many have be en reported to have biologicly combat-ready compounds that can alter several physiologic processes wi subjugate the body, as well as whitethorn interact with drugs. Thus, it is important to bang the presence of alert ingredients in the herbal supplement (Bent, 2008). Moreover, plant extracts are represent to be rich in absolve radical and labile oxygen species thatare implicated in the alterations of various metabolic processes, and may lead to humans being diseases (Cases, et.al. 2010). entropy on the biologically active compounds in herbal products leave also table service consumers in many aspects. Higher therapeutics effects can be seen in convertible extracts compared to the whole herb or non-standardized extracts this is because, active principal is concentrated to a much(prenominal) higher level in the extracts than in the plant itself. Thus, purchasers of herbal products forget get health benefits if extracts are standardized (Cases, et.al. 2010). 1.3 Antio xidantsAntioxidants are the compounds that are unremarkably derived from enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase from minerals such as selenium, manganese, bullshit and zinc as well as naturally from A, C and E vitamins (Lobo, et.al. 2010). inwrought antioxidants are commonly imbed in plants consumed in the diet including carotenoids and phenolic compounds.Moreover, plants contain high concentrations of numerous antioxidants that include polyphenols, carotenoids, tocopherols, tocotrienols, glutathione and ascorbic window glass (Charles, 2013).Their most important role in the body is to protect cells against the effects of disembarrass radicals. Free radicals are the unstable molecular(a) species containing an unpaired electron that are able to exist independently. Most of these species are extremely reactive and are potentially negative to the cells (Lobo, et.al. 2010).Some of the common oxygen- unloose radicals th at are involved in many human diseases include hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion radical, atomic number 1 peroxide, oxygen singlet, hypochlorite, nitric oxide radical, and peroxynitrite radical. Increased levels of these reactive species in the body cells induce wrong of the DNA, proteins, carbohydrates and lipids. Thus, a balance between free radicals and antioxidants is necessary for proper physiological function (Lobo, et.al. 2010). Any dis-balance in this may chair the initiation of various diseases including cancer, vascular diseases and chronic diseases. Hence, the study of antioxidants and their sources have been the focus of pictorial research.1.4. Brief information on herbal supplements to use in the reckonThis project studies the presence of epicatechin content in Camellia sinensis thus, the project uses herbal capsules from Camellia sinensis as herbal supplements. Camellia sinenis is taken as green tea and contains antioxidants in it, which is why it is commonly utilize in herbal medicine. Epicatechin is profusely found in Camellia sinensis herbal supplement. Cameillia sinensis also contains various active compounds as extracts. Some of the major(ip) active compounds found in Camellia sinensis include catechins, caffeine, flavonols and proanthocyanidins (Charles, 2013). The health benefits of green tea (Camellia sinensis) epicatechins are being extensively studied and explained . Endothelial cells are associated to vascular function and homeostasis whose dysfunction may have implication in cardiovascular disease including atherogenesis. (Moore, et.al. 2009). Moreover, some studies suggest their antineoplastic role by enchaining apoptosis (Ravindranath, et.al. 2009). With findings emerge from several new studies regarding the health benefits of the green tea from Camellia sinensis, it is being increasingly popular among the people. MethodsSimple and reliable techniques entrust be chosen in this project to investigate epicatechin content in Camellia sinenis. Experiments will be carried out using reflux extraction to determine the biologically active compounds present in the examine supplement (herbal capsules from Camellia sinensis). This will be confirmed by proton magnetic resonance analysis. NMR analysis will be through to confirm that determination of correct biological compound including antioxidants from Camellia sinensis. Crude extract will be made from the poppycock extracted from herbal capsules using a capable solvent under reflux, which will then be run on thin layer chromatography (TLC) to see if a like band for the standard also appears in the extract. This will tell whether or non the compound is present in the extract, as the study of organic compounds present in the supplement of Camellia sinensis can be made using this technique. To cut of the vaporisation time, rotary evaporation method will be employed while evaporating the solvent. change state phase analytical high death penalty liquid c hromatography (HPLC) will be used to identify the standard compound in the extract and then to quantify the measurement of compound in it. Finally, the antioxidant assay will be carried out to determine the antioxidant action at law of the extracted compound as a control, plant Flavonoid quercetin, which has antioxidant activity, will be used.REFERENCESCharles, J.D. (2013). 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