Current Event on India Essay

India is seeking information from China as to why their balance of trade is so skewed. China has been exporting to India far more than it has been importing. This scenario has been reflected globally, with many countries wondering why China has reduced their imports so much. China has also put a ban on Indian Iron Ore, their main export, causing more tension between the new countries. China professes to be increasing their trade annually, pulling them out of the worldwide recession, but many economists and financial experts, including some within China itself, are skeptical as to the legitimacy of these statements. This article relates to our international economics unit that we just completed. China has put a ban on iron ore and slackened their rate of import of Indian goods, causing a problem in their balance of trade. The article was easy to follow and understand due to the lesson that we just completed on trade barriers. The article also shows how government as well as business has a role in promoting trade and controlling the amount of trade that occurs between specific countries. I feel that China is being unfair to India by not granting them the information that they request. Refusing to trade with a country is one thing, but severely reducing trade without an explanation is uncalled for and suspicious. Their decisions regarding imports and exports affect a massive part of the world economy because of their economic strength. Their ban on Iron Ore from India is specifically detrimental to India’s balance of trade because of its dependency on the demand for iron ore as an export. With China being one of its largest consumers, this severely impedes India’s development. As an Indian economic analyst, I would be seriously questioning China’s intentions after this move.

Parole and Probation Essay

â€Å"A term coined by John Augustus from the Latin term†probare†- to prove, to test; the origin for the Probation came from English Law in the Middle Ages. †(A Brief History of Probation) â€Å"In 1841He persuaded Boston Police Court to release an adult drunkard into his custody rather than send him to prison- the prevalent means dealing with law violations at that time. †(Meet John Augustus, 2007) He was successful in improving the drunkards’ condition. It wasn’t a task done without controversies. Other police, court clerks and turnkeys didn’t agree with what John Augustus was doing, because this was taking away their pay. They got paid for those that were incarcerated, not the ones John Augustus took in his custody. â€Å"In 1878 Massachusetts passed the first probation statute mandating an official State Probation System with salaried officers. Other states followed suit. †(Meet John Augustus, 2007) â€Å"On July 1, 1930 the Division of Parole was established in the Executive Department. †(History of Parole in New York State) This meant that the Department of Corrections would no longer make decisions on which parolees would be released from prison. This responsibility was given to the fulltime Board of Parole that had been established by the Executive Department. â€Å"In 1917 Division of Parole was consolidated with the Department of Corrections to form the Department of Corrections Services (DOCS). †(History of Parole in New York State) â€Å"The Sentencing Reform Act of 1998 referred to as Jenna’s Law added a new dimension to the Division through the elimination of discretionary release for all violent felony offenders while mandating court imposed periods of post release supervision of 1. to 5 years that the offender must serve after his period of incarceration imposed by the court. †(History of the Parole in New York State) Taken a closer look it seems that probation and parole are basically the same thing, its’ like they did the same work but only had different names. No, if you think of it that way you are wrong they are both in the same agency or department but they are not the same. There is a difference; â€Å"probation is part and parcel in the offenders initial sentence and parole comes much faster allowing the offender early release from prison sentence. (Findlaw, 2008) Probation is alternative used by the courts, instead of sending the offender to prison. The courts put restrictions and supervision; they go through sanctions depending on their offense. If they are drug addicts they put them through a rehabilitation program to help them get cleaned. They put them through school to learn a skill so they can find a job. If necessary they also go through anger management classes. There is a variety of sanctions available which the probation officers prepare for them to go through to better themselves and keep from falling in the same offense or any other one over and over. Parole helps the inmates to return to the community after serving part of their prison term. There is a very strict process through which they have to go through to be able to return to the community as a normal person and not as an outcast. There are many sanctions they have to go through to help them be prepared to return back to civilization and not return as a repeat offender. Probation and Parole officers have large caseloads, more than reasonably acceptable, but there’s nothing they can do about it. They do the best they can to help the offenders get ready and feel confident about themselves and their return to their communities. These officers are assigned to areas where they know the community and its resources. This way they are able to provide better help for the offenders. Some offenders have specialized cases and the Probation and Parole officers focus on these special areas; supervision is provided by Parole for domestic violence, sexual assault, violent youthful offenders and other types of offenders. More and more conservatives now favor the abolishing parole, sharply curtailing probation, imprisoning over adult felons for his or her entire term and warehousing juvenile offenders in adult jails. †(Dilulio Jr. , 1997) To abolish probation and parole is not a very good idea. It just needs work and money to be invested on it. They need to hire more officers for Probation and Parole to help alleviate the load they have now. By hiring more personnel, they can put the light cases to a team of officers; this can help the officers that have specialized cases, it will make the caseloads they have now lighter for them. This gives them more time to focus on the special needs of the offenders. Being able to spend more time to help the offenders get through and be able to understand what and why they are doing some of these sanctions and what benefits they will get out of them. Once they understand they will look forward to continuing and finishing these sanctions because it will make them a better person and feel a change in their lives. This will be a big help to the Probation and Parole officers; they will be able to rigorously enforce the sanctions the offenders go through, and be proud of them when they complete these sanctions and become better citizens. It will be even better when the officers see a year or two or three pass by and don’t see the offenders return. The main thing needed is for more money to be invested to Probation and Parole. There are many things that are being studied foe the betterment of Probation and Parole. Innovations† in probation on July 2007 â€Å"Assessing New York City’s automated Reporting System†; New York City Department of Probation has successfully used the Kiosk System to focus its’ resourced on probationers identified as high risk through increasingly reporting and lower caseloads by assigning larger number of low-risk to high case loads. †(Department of Probation, 2008) This is just one of the many innovations that will help Probation and I recommend it. Parole is a tougher cookie to bite, because some of the offenders just aren’t going through the programs that they need to go through. The Parole Officer often wastes their time going after the bad offenders to get them to follow their program. There is nothing they can do if they’re not willing to help themselves; they will eventually commit other crimes. For these offenders the â€Å"three strikes you’re out† law will work well. You give them three chances and they fail them then their â€Å"out†, in other words they go back to prison to finish their sentence and on top they will serve for the new crimes they have committed; and should have a no parole policy after the â€Å"three strikes you’re out† law. On the other hand there are those offenders that are putting all their efforts to stay off drugs, remain sober and get a job. These offenders are ignored and forgotten because they’re too busy chasing the bad non-compliant ones. If they pay more attention to the ones that are ignored they can make a big difference by letting everyone see that it can be done , they can be turned to a self-reliant person that can go back into the community without fear of being treated as an outcast. Martin Horn, formerly head of New York State’s Parole Authority and Commissioner of Prisons in Pennsylvania. † †Horns notion is to reinvent Parole on the basis of a â€Å"personal responsibility† model. Released personnel would be given the equivalent of a parole voucher. For a fixed time-say two years-hes can use the voucher to seek education, job training, drug treatment or other services from state selected providers. If he wants to help himself, he can, if not heâ€℠¢s on his own. Do a new crime during this period-bite the hand that is offering you a way to help yourself and you do the time for the crime, plus a year or two. †(Dilulio Jr, 1997) This is also a notion that Horn had and O believe the only way to see if it works is to put it to the test. It’s the only way to know if this reinvention to Parole will work to improve what is now available in Parole. Just like the Kiosk System seems to be working, now Philadelphia Probation wants New York City Probation to help them create a Kiosk-Based Automated System just like the one they have in New York City Probation. Reference http://www.nyc.gov/html/prob/home.html

Personal Statement for UCAS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Personal Statement for UCAS - Essay Example This essay discusses the reasons why the researcher chose to study International Relations, that was mostly due to his interest in world affairs and politics. This entails the cultural differences that are displayed by different nationalities. The development of a country is always fascinating to study because a lot can be learnt from it. Some of the particular topics that are of importance to me are corruption, human rights, and discrimination. The researcher states that it was his father, who encouraged him to pursue a course in International Relations in college because the researcher would be able to live out his dream. In the learning of other cultures, the researcher is able to understand what needs to change within his own culture as well. The author would like to impact his country in a positive way, and taking a course in International Relations will help him to achieve that. Because International Relations is very broad, the researcher would like to focus more on the differ ent economic and political systems that are in place across the world, such as the UK and former USSR, that both are great examples of countries that are very different both politically and economically. The researcher would like to understand how the teachings of Karl Marx affected society in the USSR and what effect this had on the Soviet people, that lived through such events. He would also like to understand the reasons behind this and how the researcher can impact his country in the same way today.

The law of contract Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The law of contract - Essay Example Ans. According to Law of Contract exclusion clause in the body of the contract between two parties will be a term incorporated in the contractual text to lessen and restrict the liability of one or the other party to the contract. Whereas, the Limitation Clause instead of excluding liability of a party to a contract tends to limit the liability as the name suggests. An Exclusion clause will only be enforceable if it is validly incorporated in the text of the contract and it is clear and not ambiguous in its meaning, there should not be any statutory hindrance over it. (a) It should be a contained in the contract in a clear and unambiguous manner and there should be no confusion regarding the meaning of the clause, in addition to that both the parties must be aware about the inclusion of the clause in the text of the contract. Ans. ... In comparison to an Exclusion clause, a Limitation Clause is more likely to be enforced. 4. What are the different ways in which terms (exclusion clauses) may be incorporated into a contract Ans. The different ways in which terms(exclusion clauses) may be incorporated into a contract are the following : (a) It should be a contained in the contract in a clear and unambiguous manner and there should be no confusion regarding the meaning of the clause, in addition to that both the parties must be aware about the inclusion of the clause in the text of the contract. (b) If the language or meaning of the Exclusion clause is not clear then in that case the party that is going to affected more by it should be forewarned before making of the agreement. (c) Standard Terms and Conditions according to Trade practice should be incorporated in to the contract. (d) An Exclusion clause can be incorporated in the contract by showing similar regular and consistent dealings between the parties in the past. 5. What is meant by the contra proferentum rule Ans. By Contra proferentem rule it means that if there is a clause in the contract that carries more than one meaning and is unambiguous and not easy to interpret than in that case that unambiguous and confusing term will be taken against the party that forced its inclusion or the party who drafted the contract and incorporated the said term. In other words the term will be read in favour of the second party that didn't insist on its inclusion in the body of the contract. 6. What are the main differences between the provisions of the Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977 (UCTA) and Unfair Terms Consumer Contracts Regulations 1999 Ans. The main difference between the provisions of the

Paraphrase Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 6

Paraphrase - Essay Example However, misconceptions can arise from such ads that will affect the very lives of consumers. For example, the product being advertised claims or gives the impression that it can make the consumer become as fit as the model when in fact it has nothing to do with how the model looks like. Viewers who associate the product with the model’s great physique will then buy without actually researching further about the effects or importance of the product. Consequently, the issue on intelligent buying arises which makes the topic on advertising even more important. In Charles O’Neill’s The Language of Advertising, he presents how advertisers convey their messages in subtle ways that often trap the consumers in various ways. One of his points is that, advertisers often appeal to people’s emotions. For instance, he explains that in promoting the pick-up truck called the Ram, an ad that features the background of a farm and portrays hard-working farmers is used along with the reading of a poem entitled, â€Å"So God Made a Farmer† (323). Although the ad was simple and it did not use any attractive, naked men or women in the scenes, it was very successful because many viewers were emotionally touched by the ad, having them associate with the American culture that the ad reflects. Another means advertisers utilize is the use of sexual perceptions. They use men and women that are famous and beautiful which the majority would appreciate and desire to be associated with. Moreover, the advertisements adjust to the modern peo ple’s attention span. Since people are often busy, they do not have the patience to listen to long sentences that will appeal to their logic. Instead, they need short, simple sentences that may give them empty and often unreliable information. O’Neill argues that advertisers are making consumers stupid in many ways. For instance, because advertisements primarily aim to convince consumers that they need to buy their products,

History of Sports in Germany Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

History of Sports in Germany - Research Paper Example It is headed by the German Football Federation, which was founded back in year 1900 in Leipzig. It was made up of representatives of 86 German clubs and Dr. F. Hueppe was elected as the pioneer chairman to this football association. Moments after it was created, football rose in popularity in Germany and to this there was the 1903 German Cup as well as the 1908’s national games. However, after the WWII, subsequent to the annexing of Austria by Hitler, the football association’s leadership was taken over by the officials of the Nazi Party. Following the period of the WWII, the German Football National Team was barred from taking part in the international competitions. This ban lasted, until its 1949’s lifting just prior the founding of the First Republic of Germany. In year 1963, there was the forming of the Bundesliga and its first match was played in August of 1963. The German Football National Team continued gaining ground in terms of popularity as well. As per 2011 the Football Association of Germany was composed of 26,000 clubs, about 170,000 teams and well above 2 million players taking part in football actively. Notable is the fact that it is one of the biggest football associations in the globe. (oleole.com, 2011) Soccer is popular in the US but not as it is in Germany. For instance; as Getchell puts it, German soccer is more advanced while compared to that of the US. Germany is said to play a more coordinated and smoother soccer as Hirte puts it in this article by Getchell. The US soccer has not borrowed much from the German soccer, but it has a lot to borrow if need be. (Getchell, 2008) The setting in of basketball in Germany was from around the 1950s. Germany, afterwards participated in the European Championships of Basketball in year 1951, which took place in Paris. Germany attained position 12 out of the 18 participants. Success never went to West Germany until the German reunion of 1990. Before this reunion the East Germans did not have any interests for this game. In year 1993, the German basketball team emerged victorious in that year’s European Championships and was as well voted the ‘Team of the Year’ courtesy of the national press. Afterwards, Germany has become the first runners up in the year 2005’s Championships of Europe and third in the 2002 global Championships. America has not really borrowed a lot from the German Basketball sports but rather contributed to its growth. As a matter of fact the first step towards German Basketball development was made by a teacher from the US by the name Naismith James who invented the sport in the country in the year 1951. These two nations have continued to learn from each other as regards the sport. (basketball-bund.de, 2011) Before 1895, when William Morgan invented a new sport known as volleyball, there was the German sport by the name Faustball invented in 1891. Therefore, William’s invention included the German Faustball, handball, baseball, tennis and basketball as a combination. In America, it was not until 1928, that the sport of volleyball started to be professionally managed by new US Volleyball Association. (essortment.com, 2011) Volleyball continued to grow in popularity and with time it became a bit more strategic as a sport. There came about the defensive and offensive schemes, and set-and-spike among others. The East Germany volleyball team employed some these skills and managed to dominate the sport in the whole

The tattooed soldier Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The tattooed soldier - Essay Example Antonio and Elena are forced to flee to rural San Cristobal. But even there the dormant revolutionary zeal makes her take up the issue for the lethal practices of the local sanitation company. In retaliation, one ill-fated day, she and her young son are shot dead. Earlier they had thought of going to Mexico. Hector Tobar writes, "Perhaps they could move to Mexico. Save enough money to move to Mexico or the United States. A place where they could be safe, and their daughter or son could be educated. A place where you could speak your mind and there were no soldiers on the street." (p.118) After the death of Elena and his son, sensing danger to his life, Antonio flees to Los Angeles. Once in Los Angeles, he finds life much more difficult and risky. He cannot forget Elena and suffers from intense love pangs. The novel begins with the scene of his landlord giving him final notice of eviction and Antonio is busy packing up his meager belongings. In the process of packing, he is overwhelmed to see a photograph. What is his reaction, when he sees it? Hector Tobar writes, â€Å"He discovered a forgotten photograph of his wife and son, taken years ago in Quetzaltenango against a painted backdrop of fanciful lakes and volcanoes. Of all things. He raised the photograph to his lips and tried to fight off the rush of memories that began to gather and rumble like thunder behind his eyes. This picture is the sadness of me, the tragedy of me. (p.7)In Los Angles, he expected a better life.

Financial Ratio for Krispy Kreme and BCG Matrix for McDonald's Assignment

Financial Ratio for Krispy Kreme and BCG Matrix for McDonald's - Assignment Example The measurement considers all assets including inventory, accounts receivable, and fixed assets. The lower the ratio, the more slowly the firm’s sales are. Comparing the number to past years company data is important in order to see trends that have developed. In addition, comparing it to the industry standard is useful in order to see how the company compares to its prime competitors. If a problem exists with a low ratio, it could be possible that one or more of the firm’s asset categories have problems that need addressing. (Peavler, pp 1-2). Krispy Kreme’s total assets turnover ratio of 1.9 times is better than its prime competitors of McDonalds and Starbucks. McDonald's has a current total assets turnover of .80 times, while Starbucks Corporation has a current total assets turnover of 1.7 times. (ADVFN, PLC) Hence, this is listed as an overall strength or competitive advantage for Krispy Kreme. The second ratio examined is Krispy Kreme’s debt to equity ratio. The ratio is calculated as Total liabilities / Stockholder’s Equity. A high debt to equity ratio would indicate that the company has financed its growth through debt. The main issues would be if the company overextended itself and took on too much debt, or if it has to shoulder a large amount of interest due to the existing debt. High or increasing debt ratios in relation to equity can be dangerous since it would indicate that the company is being financed by creditors instead of internal cash flows. (www.enterpernuer.com website). Krispy Kreme’s debt to equity ratio of 1.05 is higher than its prime competitors. McDonalds Corporation has a .81 ratio, while Starbucks has a low .18 ratio. (ADVFN, PLC). Overall, 1.05 of Krispy Kreme is not an evident weakness, since using some leverage is not considered a clear weakness. The third ratio examined is the return on equity ratio. It is calculated as follows: Net income / Common Equity. This ratio is especially useful for shareholders who are interested in knowing what profits earned by the company can be made available to pay dividends.     

Business Organization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Business Organization - Essay Example The choice of the organization for my consultancy after considering all the above factors is narrowed between Limited Liability Company and Limited Liability Partnership. To begin with my inclination is to start with LLP. I would discuss with all the interested classmates draft an agreement specifying at least the following points General Partners- Those classmates of mine who share my vision of providing consultancy to Non Profit organizations to help the start up their activities, raise necessary funds, staff them and set up their legal structure, marketing support etc. They would compliment me and we would divide work segments, each of us specializing in one or two areas so that there is no conflict of interest and the partnership flourishes as a result of team effort. They would also bring capital as agreed before commencing the business. They would also be jointly and severally liable for any legal suits brought against the partnership. Limited Partners- They are my friends who have full confidence in my project and are willing to back me up by providing the necessary funds for starting and running the business venture. They have already committed the funds as asked by me. None of them is interested in day to day running of the organization but still would like to have a say in the general direction, internal matters like admission or expulsion of other partner, agreeing on terms of partnership, etc, so they would be limited partners, their liability would be limited to their share in the partnership. General public would not be aware of their role in the partnership and we'll have to take care not to include their name in the name of the partnership or they will lose their limited privilege. As is obvious from the discussion above the funds needed for our organization would be financed mainly by the partners themselves in the form of their capital contribution. The general partners

Illustrate to audiences Essay Example for Free

Illustrate to audiences Essay This is the scene in which the confrontation between Maggie and Hobson in takes place in the living room. Prior to this scene Maggie has informed Hobson that she is Going to marry Willie. Hobson does not want Maggie to get married but he doesnt mind Vickey and Alice getting married because they are of less use around the shop and home. Hobson does not want Maggie to get a husband because he is selfish. Maggie is the daughter that is the most businesslike and helps him with the shop regularly. If Maggie were to marry, Hobson would have to do some proper work in the shop. This scene starts with Maggie speaking to Hobson saying You and lull be straight with one another, father. Im not a fool and youre not a fool, and things may as well be put in their places as left untidy. Here Maggie is very direct in speaking and this is signposting to the audience that there is going to be a confrontation.  Hobson replies with indignation by saying You cant have Willie Mossop. Why, lass, his father was a workhouse brat. This is an example of the class differences again as Hobson is a shopkeeper and Willie is one of the working class. Willie had come from a poor background and the penniless poor like his father were taken to these workhouses and put to use. To this Maggie replies Its news to me were snobs in Salford. This line would have been humorous to audiences of the past and present because Salford has always been a working town. Hobson is here concerned about his image within the community and about what his friends will think of him in the Moonrakers. Hobson illustrates these thoughts when he says Id be the laughing-stock of the place if I allowed it. I wont have it, Maggie. Hobson then tries to justify his stance by adding Its hardly decent at your time of life. One aspect in which audiences of the past would react differently to audiences of the present is when Hobson says Its hardly decent at your time of life (Maggie is only 30). However, at the time this book was written people married an awful lot younger, mainly because the average life expectancy back then was a lot younger. Whereas in our days people marry at this age and older still. Therefore, audiences of past and present would react differently. An audience of the past may have thought this comment was amusing, however, an audience of the present may not think it was such a big deal and may also look on it from Maggies point of view as a demoralizing comment. However, Hobsons selfish snobbish ways would make audiences of both past and present want Maggie to marry Willie just to spite Hobson for his pathetic behaviour. An audience of the past would have found Maggies next line And now Ill tell you my terms amusing because it is an example of role reversal because in those days the man was the master and was in charge and he was the one who laid down the terms and rules.  Maggie then goes on to state her terms, telling her father how much she believes her and Willie should be paid. To this Hobson replies, Do you think Im made of brass? brass is colloquialism for money. This line would have been amusing to an audience of the past because this is how the people in the streets in that area spoke like and they would be able to associate to it. A present audience may also have found this line amusing, however, some may not have understood it. Hobson tries to reassert his authority by shouting Ill show you what I propose, Maggie. He then lifts up the trap door and shouts Will Mossop! He then unbuckles his belt and says to Maggie I cannot leather you, my lass. Youre female, and exempt, but I can leather him. Audiences of the present would be quite shocked by this behaviour as it is not a part of modern, civilized society any more. Such violence is frowned upon in our day. However, in the past, audiences would have been familiar with the term a good leathering, it would have been a regular occurrence. Therefore, they may have found this amusing rather than shocking. Hobson continues to try to assert his authority when he says to Willie Youve fallen on misfortune. Loves led you astray. He then says, I dont bear Malice, but we must beat the love from your body. However, this backfires on Hobson when Willie says Youll not beat love in me. Audiences of the past would have enjoyed this repliance because it is the little man against the boss and in those days the boss had all authority. Willie goes on to aggravate Hobson even more when he says Im none wanting thy Maggie, its her thats after me, but Ill tell you this, Mr Hobson: If you touch me with that belt, Ill take her quick, aye, and stick to her like glue. Again, audiences of the past would have enjoyed this because it is the little man against the all-powerful boss. Present audiences would have enjoyed this too because it would have illustrated Willies determination and independence. After being struck with the belt by Hobson for his remarks, Willie then says to Maggie out of rage Ive none kissed you yet. I shirked before. But, by gum, Ill kiss you now. He then kisses Maggie, not with passion but with temper. Audiences of past and present would have enjoyed this part because it is a bit of romantic comedy and Willie is standing up to Hobson, who doesnt know what to do next. Also, from this scene, audiences of past and present would have observed that Maggie and Willie are sensible, practical and have a mature way of thinking. These characters would make Hobsons anti-social behaviour more noticeable to the audiences. Finally, carrying on in his new found self-confidence, Willie adds And if Mr Hobson raises up that strap again, Ill do more. Ill walk straight out of shop with thee and us two ull set up for ourselves. Audiences of the past and present would have enjoyed this scene because not only is Hobson shocked by what Willie has said (Hobson stands in amazed indecision) but Willie is also shocked by the confidence he showed when he stood up to Hobson. Scene Four  The final section of the play I will examine is Act Three, pages 44 47.  This section follows on from a scene in which Hobson, drunk from a night in the Moonrakers, fell down a pub cellar and woke up to find he had received a fine for trespassing. Upon this charge Hobson goes to Maggies house on her wedding day, in the hope of some help from her.  In this section the roles of Maggie and Hobson are totally reversed. In this scene, Maggie is instead the one who is in charge, while Hobson has to take a more reserved, subservient stance; as he feels that his future is in her hands. This scene begins with a knock on the door and Hobson shouting Are you in, Maggie? Vickey, Maggies sister proclaims, Its father! in a terrified voice. Albert, who is Vickeys fianc, then adds Oh, Lord, whereas Maggie simply says, Whats the matter? Are you afraid of him? This would inform the audience that there may be a confrontational moment ahead.  Maggie soon takes charge of the situation by telling everybody, except Willie to go into the bedroom and that shell shout them before hes gone. To this order Vickey then says But we dont want-, to which Maggie interrupts Is this your house or mine? and Vickey answers, Its your cellar. Maggie then replies by saying And Im in charge of it. Both audiences of the past and of the present would have found Vickeys line amusing where she gets back at Maggie by illustrating the stark contrast of a house to a cellar. They also would have been amused by the fact that Maggie reasserts herself (Im in charge of it) although she says to Willie youre gaffer here whilst ordering him to sit down. Hobson is then invited in by Willie, who is now in the role of the master of the house. Audiences of the past and the present would have found it amusing when Maggie says, You can sit down for five minutes, father. That sofa ull bear your weight. This line would also illustrate to audiences that Maggie is not threatened by Hobson and makes light of his arrival.  Maggie again shows that she is in charge when Willie says to Hobson A piece of pork pie and Hobson replies groaningly Pork pie! To this reply, Maggie pulls Hobson up sharply by saying Youll be sociable now youre here, I hope. Audiences of the past would have appreciated this amusing line because Maggie is pulling her father up sharp and she is in control in a commanding authority. Maggies authority is further displayed when she says to Hobson Happen a piece of wedding cake ull do you good. Eating the cake Hobson shudders saying Its sweet to which Maggie replies Thats natural in cake. Audiences of the past and present would have found this humorous because Hobson enjoys a drink, and being an alcoholic he cannot tolerate sweet things. This is made even more amusing when Maggie pushes the cake towards him and says, Then theres your cake, and you can eat it, to which Hobson pushes the cake away but Maggie pushes it back again, giving Hobson no choice but to eat it, to which Hobson replies Youre a hard woman as he eats the cake and, as illustrated in the film Maggie watches over him as he eats it. This scene where Maggie forces Hobson to eat the cake would have been amusing to audiences past and present as well as viewed as something significant to all audiences as Maggie has already said Ive a wish to see my father sitting at my table eating my wedding cake on my wedding-day. Conclusion Harold Brighouses play Hobsons Choice is a valuable document of what English society was like in 1915 (when it was written) and 1880 (when it takes place). I believe the play provides us with an important and useful insight to what society was like in those days in Britain as it provides us with an insight into the varying classes of people, how they were treated and their attitudes towards others. In Hobsons Choice, Maggie, the daughter of Hobson, marries against her fathers wishes much to Hobsons discomfort and dismay. There are similar themes such as this in modern society today, which are in some ways related to this theme illustrated in Hobsons Choice. For example, members of families sometimes run away from home in the hope of being with someone who they would otherwise not be able to be with under their parents influence, or to simply escape from a home in which they feel much discomfort in. Also, just like in Hobsons Choice, children in modern society today marry against their parents wishes in order to be with someone. I think audiences of the past and the present would have reacted similar and would have found the play humorous as it shows the underdog or the person who had nothing, Willie winning against someone who had everything, a shop owner and a pillar of society, Hobson. In Hobsons Choice, Willie was a member of the poorer people and it was obvious that there was a barrier between him, who worked in a cellar, and those such as Hobson who owned the shop. However, today this barrier between the rich and the poor still exists more than ever, so it is clear that some things havent changed. I personally enjoyed Hobsons Choice as I found it amusing throughout and it was an interesting and enjoyable story the way it illustrated what Salford was like in those days and how people were treated according to their class. My favourite parts of the story were probably when Willie stood up to Hobson under Maggies watchful eye and walked out of the shop with her, much to Hobsons amazement, and when Maggie told Willie that he was the man for her and he sat down complete shock and amazement. If I was in the audience I would have enjoyed these parts because they are some of the most amusing parts of the play, mainly because of the way Willie acts. For example, it is amusing when Willie is shocked by the prospect of marriage and he sits down mopping his brow and says in a shocked voice, Im feeling queer-like this is highly amusing as the poor man is taken back. In the play Maggie comes across as the strongest character and somebody whom feminists within todays society would be able to identify. Although in the era when the play set Maggie would have been a very unusual character. The character I would be most sympathetic with in the play would be Willie. This is because he is controlled throughout the play and he was the one who seemed to receive the most punishment, such as when Hobson tries to strike him with a belt for taking up with Maggie, even though he did not do the taking up. However, he would be the character I admire the most because of the way he didnt give under the pressure of Hobson and stuck by Maggie.

Macro And Micro Environment Analysis Of Ford Motors

Macro And Micro Environment Analysis Of Ford Motors Introduction Ford Motor Company (Ford) is the largest automotive manufacturers in the world, operating in 200 markets across six continents. The brand includes Ford, Lincoln, Mazda, Mercury and Volvo. Ford also sells luxury sport car Aston Martin. The company primarily based in the US and Europe and employs 246,000 people as on Dec 2007. The goal of Ford is to build products that are immensely desirable so that they get profit. They also do this by increasing number of new product from around the world. On 2007 fiscal year, the company recorded $172,455 mill revenue, increase of 7.7% over 2006. But however, the net loss was $2723 mill in 2007, compared to $12,613 mill in 2006, with operating profit of $5631 mill in 2007 as comparison of $8,190 mill in 2006( datamonitor). Macro and Micro Environment Analysis Industry Analysis: Overall the industry is segmented by the type of vehicles; Motorcycles 5.8%, Passengers cars 69.5% and light truck 24.7%. The faces tough competition with Daimler, Chryster AG, Fiat, General Motor, Honda, Nissan, Mitsubishi, Toyota, Suzuki. In which Ford motor company has the market share of 9.4% ( datamonitor, 2009). The industry fluctuated over 2004-2007 affected by global economic downturn and declined in 2008. However, the performance is predicted to accelerate with compound annual growth rate of 4.4% for 5 yr period of 2008-2013 to a value of $1,831 billion by end of 2013. Despite US Govt. providing billions of dollars to Fords rival GM and Chrysler, Ford is OK with the situation. Despite its loss in 2008 and dwindling cash supply, Ford is widely expressed in media as financially stable  [1]  . PEST Analysis: Political: The Company has to go with rules and regulations formulated by the government such as CO2 Tailpipe Regulation. Companies get respect from government for powered IWO wheelers. Ford has to go through the European Union vehicle approval. Economic: Depression hits the Automobile industry. Ford, GM and Chrysler face problem in this situation. Factors such as Central London congestion charge, call to become all gas guzzlers , European union reduced pollution certificate and London low emission zone affect the manufacturing of the Ford cars. Social: There has been growth in road traffic slowing. Society is concerned with more green cars to be sold. Road safety for everyone should be considered by Ford. Technology: New technologies like using bio-fuels and digital radio should be considered. Ford has invested in car safety. Similarly, Ford also invested in CO2 reducing technology. SWOT Analysis: The companys strong brand portfolio gives it a competitive advantage. Strengths: Ford has a strong brand portfolio and engineering capabilities. Ford has wide network of distributors and dealers and high employee productivity. Ford operates in an industry which has customer who highly value brands who believe strong portfolio of established brand gives competitive advantage which helps in brand equity. This helps in launching new product range and penetrating in new automobile markets. Weaknesses: Ford faces continued decline in market share in US from 20.5 % in 2003 to 15.6% in 2007 similarly in UK 19.5% (0.3% down from previous year in 2006). This was due to increased competition, industry moving away from traditionally stronger segment, reduced vehicle sales, daily rental companies, and discontinuation of companys vehicle lines. Likewise Ford got 3 complaints on leaking fuel or oil ignition. Several product recalls inadequate quality assurance and quality control system and declining operating efficiency and weak returns (datamonitor). Opportunities: Ford Company has the opportunity to expand in India and China. Company launches new models often now and then according to the choices of customers. They can produce hybrid vehicles. They face increasing demand of dual fuel vehicle. Threats: The profitability of the business relies on performance of the economy in which the company operates. If EU and US shows economic slowdown continuously the companys business will face negative impact. Similarly, sluggish light vehicle produced in the developed market also acts as a threat. The company also need to consider EU vehicle regulations. Porters Five Forces Analysis: Buyers in the automotive industry are large with significant financial power. Buyers power of dealers is affected by brand strength of top market players. An increase in raw materials costs put pressure in both market players and suppliers. Barriers of government regulations high fixed costs exit barrier puts new entrants into difficulties. Competition arises as a result of economic downturn. Buyer Power: Buyers in this industry have financial strength, if its high, they can make large purchase and put pressure to reduce prices. But Brand strength weakens buyer power. Retailers like distributor have one market player and thus buyer power is reduced. Overall the buyer power is moderate. Supplier Power: Supplier of raw material, assembled and semi assembled, energy like- steel, aluminium. The power of suppliers is strengthened further by the necessities of the automobile industry requirement of raw materials of high quality. Reliance of supplier is minimized by different companies. The power over all is moderate. New Entrants: Small firms are unlikely to enter in this industry which needs intellectual property. Entry is further made difficult by getting distribution channels. Similarly, company has to meet government requirements and invest on continuous development. The threat is moderate. Substitute: Used cars acts as substitutes. However, affordable power diminishes used cars. Awareness of environmental issues and climate change might lead people to walk, cycle and use public transport. The companies are making hybrid( petrol, electric) cars. Overall the threat is weak. Rivalry: Competition in this industry remains fierce, among the top 4 market players 38% of market value. Toyota, GM , Daimler and Ford. High fixed price exit barriers raw materials costs lead to unpredictable production costs and post pressure on market players. Most company produce diverse range of cars .The rivalry is very strong. Marketing strategy option for Ford Motors Social Responsibility and Ethical Marketing Communication: Ford emphasises on being a good corporate citizen, by focusing on the global community by understanding envirionmental issues and investing on people. Similarly, organise programmes to promote tolerance and equal opportunities and support social and environmental protection programmes. In 2006, Ford was the first automotive manufacturer to produce dedicated hydrogen fuel V-10 engines. (datamonitor). Ford introduces new vehicles which offer fuel economy and reduced environmental impact. In Britain, from April 2009, the government encourage the manufacturer to produce cleaner cars, and Ford should adopt the policy and motivate customers to opt for least polluting cats  [2]  . In short- run, they focus on clean diesel engines, hybrids, flexible fuel vehicle ethanol vehicles and turbo charged direct injection Eco Boast- Superior performance, which provide 20 % better fuel economy, 15% fewer CO2 emissions. In the long run Ford has invested in plug in hybrids, fuel cells, hydrogen internal combustion engines, advanced technology. Ford believes that these are right and responsible things which would give customers better goods. Target Markets and Segmentations: Ford has broken down its diverse markets into two manageable segments, Financial and Automotive services. Inside these more segments on geographic and organisational structure. Similarly Ford attracts younger demographic. Automotive: Ford segments its customers based on the car types- passenger cars, trucks, buses and vans, sports vehicles, accessories, after sale parts, maintenance and vehicle repair services. This business division consists of design, development, manufacture, sale and service of trucks, cars and service parts. Hence make small, medium, large and premium ranges. This segment is further divided into geographically, Ford North America, Ford South America, Ford Europe, Premier Automotive group, ford Asia Pacific and Africa Mazda. Each has their own manufacturing process, like- Ford North America- design, develop, manufacture and service vehicle ad parts. They have servicing as maintenance and light repair, collision, vehicle accessories and service warranty. Financing Service Segments: These include financing products to and through automotive dealers. Three categories- retail financing, purchase retail instalment sale contracts and retail lease contract from dealers and offering financing to commercial customers. Similarly, they offer loans to dealers to finance the purchase of vehicle inventory. External marketing communication: Ford develops advertising, sales promotion, sponsorship and merchandising programs  [3]  . Fords advertising policy is do best by building and selling the most innovative cars and trucks  [4]  . Ford adopted Bold Moves campaign, a form of transparent marketing( via webisodes , the assessment of past and present performances), emotional appeals (interview with employees) and product oriented work with an emphasis on drivers than steel metal. Ford has done Sync campaigns  [5]  which deals with TV and radio commercials, print and online advertisement, a promotional tone and dealership training which targets Black and Hispanic consumers. Chris Brown appeal young urban consumers. Give radio commercials Online sync with chrisbrown.com- launched Nov 12, 2007. Columbian Rocker Jaunes Multicultural marketing communications Emphasis on digital promotion. Ford adopts mantra of Change or Die which has reached the parent company of its largest advertising agencies  [6]  . The company hires best talented employees, consultants and contract workers, who are devoted to administrative, media and band experience service. Using ad agencies for delivery would promote the most stunning product. Mark Fields, Fords President of America, focus on customers needs and brands. Ford spends $757.5 million to advertising in US media on 2005. Automakers like Ford, GM are the biggest budget cutters in media and advertising. Ford cut their spending on Hispanic media more deeply in fourth quarter which feel 31.2% last year to $46 .7 million, but according to RNS it is still continuing a long tradition as the executive car sponsor for Univision blockbuster Sabado Ginate show. In April 4, in this show the Host Francisco drive the new 2010 ford Fusion to the studio and hosted Ford Fusion game to give away a new car to a winner in the studio audience  [7]  . In UK, Ford sponsors events like UEFA champions- football tournaments and charities. They sponsor various events and organisations from family fantasy, Disneyland Paris to 60 year old musical and military prowess, the Edinbrugh Tattoo. The sponsorship focus on all the target markets form children to elderly, which shows that company is building image in the community as a form of goodwill for the company itself. Recently Ford Company launched Ford Focus, the commercial is beautifully made. The Ford Focus Orchestra- in which musicians are shown playing the instrument made from the real car parts. The main aim of this advertisement is to show customers that all the car parts are important and has best quality. The journey made with this car would never make you feel long with the experience of comfort cabin with striking exterior and improved technology. Primary Survey Analysis: Customers: As research done on the customers of Ford Cars, most customers are influenced by friends and family. They are likely to buy cars which are recommended by peers. Thus company can focus on giving best service and product to all target customers and also positive word of mouth communication (message is transmitted from the sender to many receivers, Pickton and Broderik). Similarly, customers look after the style and comfort of the cars, like size- 4 wheelers, small for single individual. What they look for is the use of cars like vans, trucks and their storage, capacity, fuel, engine, warranty. So, what Ford needs to understand is the needs and wants of the customers. Likewise, customers are influenced by the advertisement in the cars and magazines. Advertisements which use celebrities are likely to influence more customers. Ford uses cars in James Bond movies, science fiction drama Fringe  [8]  . Ford can adopt celebrity endorsement, using celebrity as a spokes person for project (Pickton and Broderick). Customers are also influenced by the established brand name. They look after the brand loyalty and its strength in the market (Allan K). Sales person influence the most when customers visit showrooms, the form of direct marketing- persuading and informing customers at the spot. Therefore, Ford can invest in best customer service personnel and give training to employees. Recommendations Klara Roberts argues that even though all the promotional activities Ford have done so far, will not help sales grow  [9]  . There are more marketing communications mix (internet advertising, direct marketing and e- commerce, sales promotions, sponsorship etc.) to be adopted to communicate directly with target markets (Seminik R. J.). Managing Corporate Identity: Ford can maintain the image of being dynamic, goal- orientated, attention-getting, active and pioneering .According to the Chris Fill, 2002, Ford has many stakeholders and small corporate gap and hence can adopt incremental process in maintaining this gap. Similarly, Ford should try to be a good corporate citizen, by managing corporate identity among various stakeholders, like- employees, local community and government. All the promotional and marketing activities done by the companies are based on maintaining corporate image. Push Promotional Strategy: Ford can adopt this strategy, a form of promotional effort by the manufacturer or suppliers to encourage trade channel members to promote and sell their products (Pickton and Broderick). Sales forces, internal part of communication, can be targeted as the main form of push strategy. Pull Promotional Strategy: Ford can also adopt pull strategy, a form of promotional effort to end customers and consumers to demand more by adding benefits and other activities (Pickton and Broderick). Such as discount promotion- a process of discounting the price for the product so that customers are encouraged to buy however this involves financial aspects (Hans and Duncan) . Similarly, they can improve on their weaknesses to minimize product recall and improve product efficiency which adds benefits. Relationship Marketing: Ford can put its emphasis on relationship marketing, between various stakeholders. They can focus on delivering more to the target customers by being more specific. As researched on the consumers, they are affected by the positive word of mouth marketing. Ford should focus on customer relationship management (positive communication and long term customer relationship management, Hans and Duncan). Even though they give services like financing, service and maintenance, they can add more features like style and safety. Brand Strategy: Most customers considers brand before making purchase decision. What Ford can invest in establish long term brand image by using more of communications mix which are explained further. This will help as a source of competitive advantage and create entry barrier. Brand strategy helps in improving the product by introducing innovative technology (Semenik). Similarly, Ford can also look for brand future, by adjusting in future changes in legislation, technology consumer patterns (Pickton and Broderick). Business 2 Business Marketing: This form of marketing acts as a lead generator, brand awareness and relationship development. If Ford fails to recognize the trade customers, they looses the first line customers. The agencies should change their cultures break down barriers and generate new marketing initiatives and creative ad content. Promotional Mix/ Intergrating Marketing Communication Mix: Analysing Ford Company, we can see that they have adopted various forms of promotional mix such as advertising, sponsorship. However, they can invest more on these factors and decide on what to adopt ( Kotler and Keller). Advertising Expenditure: Ford can also expend on intermedia (options for deciding media such as cinema, TV, press posters, magazines etc). Ford can target TV commercials (Ford Orchestra) as lots of people see TV everyday during free period. Buying a car is high involvement product where more risk is involved in buying decision (Hierarchy of Effects Model). People look for the best advertisement and are influenced by the positive aspects of commercials. Thus Ford could be more focused on creative advertising procedures. Public Relations: Ford can make an effort in this field by having sound relations with employees during the time of redundancy and closure, which is happening at the current economic downturn. Similarly, Ford can invest in ethical marketing, doing best for the public, like donations, conserving environment. All these helps in dealing with the negative publicity and crisis management and develop to make the corporate image (Pickton and Broderick) and helps brand signatures( Kotler and Keller). Internet Advertising: In Sept. 2008, Google was criticised for charging companies like Ford, for their share of profit in return of internet advertising  [10]  . There are various negative consequences that are faced by company in internet advertising such as fraud and scam. However, Ford can invest in internet advertising through websites which acts as an agent for the car companies. Personal Selling and Sales Management: As a research done on the customers, they are influenced by the presentation of customer service advisors. Similarly, the role of distributor is very important as they act as the main source to deal with the sales and marketing effort (Pickton and Broderick). Future Marketing communications: The form of media is always changing. The generation of use of media depends on the innovation and technology ( Broderick and Pickton). Firstly, there was a use of newspapers, then radio, television and internet. Future is based on the electronic marketing, known as ecommerce. Ford needs to go along with the change in media adaptation by the consumer and thus invest in communication via such medium.

Thomas Paine :: essays research papers

Library: Historical Documents: Thomas Paine: Rights Of Man: Part The First -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Order The Rights of Man now. Part The First Being An Answer To Mr. Burke's Attack On The French Revolution -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- George Washington PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA SIR, I present you a small treatise in defence of those principles of freedom which your exemplary virtue hath so eminently contributed to establish. That the Rights of Man may become as universal as your benevolence can wish, and that you may enjoy the happiness of seeing the New World regenerate the Old, is the prayer of SIR, Your much obliged, and Obedient humble Servant, THOMAS PAINE -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Author's Preface to the English Edition From the part Mr. Burke took in the American Revolution, it was natural that I should consider him a friend to mankind; and as our acquaintance commenced on that ground, it would have been more agreeable to me to have had cause to continue in that opinion than to change it. At the time Mr. Burke made his violent speech last winter in the English Parliament against the French Revolution and the National Assembly, I was in Paris, and had written to him but a short time before to inform him how prosperously matters were going on. Soon after this I saw his advertisement of the Pamphlet he intended to publish: As the attack was to be made in a language but little studied, and less understood in France, and as everything suffers by translation, I promised some of the friends of the Revolution in that country that whenever Mr. Burke's Pamphlet came forth, I would answer it. This appeared to me the more necessary to be done, when I saw the flagrant misrepresentations which Mr. Burke's Pamphlet contains; and that while it is an outrageous abuse on the French Revolution, and the principles of Liberty, it is an imposition on the rest of the world. I am the more astonished and disappointed at this conduct in Mr. Burke, as (from the circumstances I am going to mention) I had formed other expectations. I had seen enough of the miseries of war, to wish it might never more have existence in the world, and that some other mode might be found out to settle the differences that should occasionally arise in the neighbourhood of nations. This certainly might be done if Courts were disposed to set honesty about it, or if countries were enlightened enough not to be made the dupes of Courts.

Plagiarism Essay -- essays research papers

Plagiarism:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Writing can be a difficult task for some people. For those people, before they start writing, the first thing they do is probably idea gathering, maybe looking for relate article on newspaper or magazine, look up some definition in the dictionary, check the World Wide Web, or even take a trip to the library. Often, they found what they are looking for, and before they know it, they start copying it, maybe a couple of word, few sentence, other people ¡Ã‚ ¦s idea, or they even copy the whole thing. People often want to take things they like, it is part of human nature. But there are a big different between wanting to than actually taking it without permission, this kind of action is called plagiarism. Plagiarism is defined as an act of stealing or using another writer ¡Ã‚ ¦s ideas or words without that writer ¡Ã‚ ¦s permission or giving that writer credit for those ideas or words. It doesn ¡Ã‚ ¦t matter whether you copied an entire article or you just copied a sentence, without proper citation to show another writer ¡Ã‚ ¦s credit, you have committed a crime of stealing. Just like the ordinary law, it is not what or how much you have stole, it is the action and the intention of stealing. There are different kinds of plagiarism, laziness and sloppiness usually cause some people starting plagiarizing without even realizing they are doing it, this. It is usually the act of copying ideas or the sentences of another writer. These kinds of people are the one...

The Impact of Gender on Shakespeares Othello Essay -- Literary Analy

The Impact of Gender on Shakespeare’s Othello In the book â€Å"Gender Trouble† (1990), feminist theorist Judith Butler explains â€Å"gender is not only a social construct, but also a kind of performance such as a show we put on, a costume or disguise we wear† (Butler). In other words, gender is a performance, an act, and costumes, not the main aspect of essential identity. By understanding this theory of gender as an act, performance, we can see how gender has greatly impacted the outcome of the play in William Shakespeare’s Othello. From a careful analysis of the story, tragedy in Othello is result of violating expected gender roles, gender performance by Desdemona and Othello, and the result of Iago’s inability to tolerate these violations. The tragedy â€Å"Othello† is written by William Shakespeare in 1604. The story is based on revenge of two characters, Othello and Iago. Othello, the play’s protagonist and hero, who has great reputation as one of Venice’s most competent generals. However, his jealousy causes the major tragedy in his life. This tragedy is brought by a simple manipulation of Iago, the villain of the play. The jealousy led Othello to a path of constant questioning to his wife, and his friend Cassio. Throughout the play, he sinks deeper and deeper into his doubt and eventually that causes him to kill not only the love of his life, but also himself. In her work, â€Å"This that you call Love†: Sexual and Social Tragedy in Othello, Gayle Greene (2004) argues that the tragedy occurs from adherence to patriarchal rules and stereotypes (Greene 655-659). According to Gary Greene, the tragedy is caused by â€Å"men’s misunderstandings of women and women’s inability to protect themselves from society’s conception of them† (666). In the ... ...major tragic downfall of the play. In the end, we can conclude that Shakespeare used a very conservative world view in his play, â€Å"Othello†. Using the characters of Othello, Desdemona, and Iago, Shakespeare reinforced the stereotypes of his time. In conclusion, gender expectations have greatly impacted the outcome of Shakespeare’s play, â€Å"Othello†, because the script of the play has reinforced the stereotypes such as girls who resist their fathers die, women who marry different race, class, and cultures die, and women who decide their own destiny die at the end. Through â€Å"Othello†, Shakespeare portrays women in a patriarchal system, and the result of the play is the consequences of gender disruptions. Therefore, there is no doubt that the gender expectations placed on both male and female characters have greatly impacted the outcome of Shakespeare’s play â€Å"Othello†.

Nursing and Health Care Foundations

Identify one area of nursing research that has improved patient outcomes. State the study and its impact on patient care. How have these findings changed your nursing practice? The American Association of Colleges of Nursing , believes that education has a major impact on the knowledge and competencies of the nurse clinician. AACN helps employers to get benefit on the education and experience provided by the different educational programs leading to the registered nurse description by using these nurses in different capacities.BSN graduates bring exceptional skills to their work as nursing clinicians and play an important role in the safe patient care. Researchers from the University of Pennsylvania found that surgical patients in Magnet hospitals had 14% lower chances of inpatient death within 30 days and 12% lower chances of failure-to-rescue compared with patients cared for in non-Magnet hospitals. These study states that these effects were creditedin large part to investments in highly qualified and educated nurses. You can read also Coronary Artery Disease Nursing Care PlanStudies have also found that baccalaureate nurses have stronger communication and problem solving skills and a higher ability to make nursing diagnoses and for nursing interventions. The federal government, the military, nurse executives, health care foundations, nursing organizations, and practice settings recognize the exceptional value of baccalaureate-prepared nurses and advocate for an increase in the number of BSN nurses across clinical settings. Nurses with Bachelor of Science in Nursing degrees are well organized to meet the demands placed on today's nurse.BSN nurses are valued for their expertise in critical thinking, leadership, case management, and health promotion, and for their ability to practice in inpatient and outpatient settings. Nurse executives, federal agencies, the military, leading nursing organizations, health care foundations, magnet hospitals, and minority nurse advocacy groups all accept the unique value that baccalaureate-prepared nurses bring to the practice setting. Reference The Impact of Education on Nursing Practice (2008). Retrieved from The American Association of Colleges of Nursing http://www. aacn. nche. edu/media-relations/Fact-sheets/impact-of-education

People Play Important Roles in Our Lfe Essay

The most significant people in your life would normally be your parents followed by siblings and extended family members. We are first sons or daughters before we take on the role of brothers or sisters. Our role will then be of husbands or wives and then fathers or mothers as we grow in our lives. We become grandfathers or grandmothers and with God’s blessings, become Great Grandfathers or Great Grandmothers. Our role will then become whatever role we take on in life. Our parents would definitely be the most significant people in our lives. How we grow up as an individual goes back to the cornerstone of our family unit. When there is love amongst the family members, this is where we are nurtured when we were young and we take our values from the family. Siblings that come along in the family unit are our companions and when we grow up being supportive of each other, that is where we can have support and encouragement from our siblings as well. As we grow up in society, we have friends and teachers along the way. Teachers who have motivated us during our school days play a significant part in our growth as well. As the saying goes, â€Å"No man is an island† and hence our dependence on others and how they contribute to our lives by their presence gives meaning to our ambitions, our values, our way of thinking and so much more. In turn, we give a helping hand, a listening ear to our friends who need support and encouragement or just someone to understand them. When we have been touched by others in our lives and in normal cases, would be the family members. People without this family support such as orphans or kids being fostered out or adopted by their adoptive parents find themselves being cared for by others who make every effort to see to their needs and love them. These people then play a very significant role in their lives. It is very important that we appreciate the people in our lives and if we can thank them for being in our lives, it is a beautiful moment to cherish. Often enough, many of us take our loved ones for granted. Let that not be the case and let us be aware that we want to appreciate our loved ones and make every effort to let them know that we appreciate, care and love them. We need not do great things for our loved ones. Remembering them is one way to show our appreciation of them and we can do so by taking the time to be with them, talk to them and just be with them. Let us all take time to love our close and beloved so that they know they are loved and appreciated in their lives. It is something we can do and let us all make an effort to do so. Being appreciated and loved adds meaning to one’s life and it is up to each one of us to do so.

Islam Religion and Cultural Diversity Essay

Introduction Practices of the Muslim religion have become of great concern in the contemporary society especially in issue of world peace. Islam values and beliefs have raised controversy between followers and non-followers where the latter criticize the religion as threat to peace. This paper will explore teachings of the Islam religion to provide understanding of beliefs, values and practices in effort to resolve the controversy. This will be achieved by discussing the main pillars of Islam: Shahada, Salat, Sawm, Zakat, Hajj, Islamic law (Shariah) and Jihad (Pecorino, 2001) as well as showing application in cross cultures and nations. The paper will also show how Islam is contrasted form Christianity and Judaism. Further, it will outline how understanding of Islam would impact interactions or communications between Muslims and non-Muslims. Eventually, the paper will summarize main arguments. Muslim Teachings and Pillars Practiced Across Cultures There is diversity in Muslims and several core beliefs are held to bring unity in the religion all over the world. There are five main practices described in Quran for Muslims to observe and are commonly regarded as pillars of Islam. The first one is the declaration of faith (Shahada) that requires Muslims to bear witnesses as well testify for only one God, Allah, and His messenger Muhammad (Esposito, 2002). This declaration is needed for anyone to become Muslim and has two aspects. One part affirms absolute monotheism, oneness of God, and that associating other things to God is idolatry which is unforgivable sin. This would serve to correct Muslims on  deviating from the right path of believing in one God. The second part asserts that Muhammad is both a prophet as well as God’s messenger and hence forms the highest revelation of God’s messages to Muslims. Moreover, Muhammad life is an example that serves as role model for Muslims to emulate. The second pillar of Islam is the prayer which as known as Salat and require Muslims to worship God by praying five times in day, that is, in the morning, noon, mid-afternoon, sunset and in the evening. In many places prayer times are alerted to Muslims through mega speakers at mosques’ minarets. This serves to remind believers of God’s presence in their daily activities and hence need to reaffirm dependence on Him. The prayers are accompanied by rituals and were established by Muhammad though are not in Quran. However, prayers consist of citations from the Quran and movements observed such as bowing, kneeling, and touching ground with the forehead signify expression of humility and God’s adoration. Muslims can pray anywhere such as places of work, houses, and mosques though preferably in groups for solidarity and should face Mecca that is regarded a holy city. The prayers are orderly with same start and ending. The third pillar is the Zakat that means purification and requires Muslims to worship and give thanks to God by supporting the poor. All things are believed to be owned by God and Muslim believers are required to give 2.5 percent of all they possess every year so as to support the poor, orphans, widows and those needy (Esposito, 2002). Zakat is observed as a social security in Islam and was developed about fourteen hundred years ago. In some Muslim groups, believers also contribute religious taxes out of their incomes to religious leaders and are used to support the poor. The fourth pillar is observing the fast of Ramadan (Sawm) during the ninth month of every year according to Islamic calendar. This month is regarded as Ramadan and is observed since was the time when Muhammad received first revelation of the Quran from God. During the month-long fast believers are required to abstain from foods, drinks, and sexuality between dawn and sunset. Ramadan consists of special prayers cited and foods served only during this period. In the 27th day Muslims commemorate the night of power when Muhammad received God’s revelation and the Ramadan ends with celebration of Eid al-Fitr to break the fast and give gifts (Esposito, 2002). Ramadan is meant  to stimulate reflection of believers on dependence of God, spiritual values and responsibility to care for less fortunate. The fifth pillar is the Pilgrimage also known as Hajj to Mecca in Saudi Arabia and requires all able adult Muslims worldwide to visit the city at least once in their lifetime. It follows Ramadan and requires sacrifices of time, things and comforts hence making Muslims pilgrims in God’s service. There is also lesser pilgrimage called umrah that that involves visits to other holy sites during other periods of the year. There are other teachings of Islam practiced worldwide and are more shaped or shape cultures in which they are applied. These include Jihad that is regarded as the sixth pillar and the Islamic law. Jihad is explained in Arabic as meaning to struggle or exhaust one’s efforts to exalt God though is interpreted to mean holy wars in some cultures (Pecorino, 2001). Within Islam, Jihad can be applied to lead virtuous life, charity works, preaching and fighting to defend Muslims. The Islamic law defines Islam as submission to God and hence Muslims have moral responsibility and observe Jihad in the path of God also known as Shariah. The law provides guideline for relations and interaction of believers with God as well as with amongst themselves (WGBH. 2014). Islamic law on regulation of social life include prescription of dressing codes, rituals in marriages, divorce, inheritances and behaviors that would connect all Muslims all over the world. These provisions are applied to varied magnitudes over varied cultures. This has been influenced by interactions of people due to globalization and modern law incorporates integrated cultural practices (UTA, 2009). The requirement of Muslims to exercise moral responsibility in legal, political and economic practices is also shaped by cultural practices in diverse geographic and historical contexts. Similarly, the Islamic laws influence social frameworks. There are varied practices of Islamic teachings as observed in low Islamic conviction is western nations compared to high levels in countries to the East. America and Great Britain regard Islam as strange religion compared to other religions and has expressed little support for values advocated by Muslims in national structures (PRC, 2012). However, Muslim converts are growing in the two nations and followers observe the pillars of Islam and  other teachings. Middle East, India, Pakistan and other Asian nations show strong support for Islam and have large Muslim populations that observe teachings of the religion. These countries have frameworks that reflect teachings of Islam, for instance, in their laws, political, economic activities and social practices such as behavior, marriages and support for the needy among their populations. Contrasting Islam from Christianity and Judaism The teaching of the Islam indicated above compare or contrast with some in Judaism and Christianity. Some of the contrasts include the oneness of God that is inconsistent with Judaism and Christianity that also advocate for monotheism and believe in trinity: God the Father, Son and Holy Spirit. God in Islam is not associated with other things that contrast with some Christians and Judaism followers that have some representation for God (Esposito, 2002). Muslims worship God through Muhammad who is God’s messenger and prophet unlike in Christianity and Judaism that worship God through Jesus who is regarded the son of God. Muslim religion believes Muhammad was the last prophet send by God to human beings and shows acknowledgement of other divine figures send to Christianity and Judaism in the Quran whereas the latter do not acknowledge other religions, for instance, Muhammad send to Islam. There are several denominations in Christianity and Judaism unlike in Islam that has single denomination practiced worldwide. The Muslim religion is allowable to polygamy in the marriage laws unlike followers of Christianity and Judaism who believe in pure monogamy. Muslim religion is more restrictive such as in dressing code especially for the women that is not observed through the teachings of Christianity and Judaism. Muslims have fixed prayer and fasting schedules that are not observed in the other among Christians and Judaism followers who set prayer and fasting events. Influence of Islam on Interactions of Muslims and Non-Muslims There are different understandings of Islam teachings that influence how Muslims and non-Muslims interact or communicate. Muslims belief of Jihad has been conceived among non-Muslims as allowable to wars that has been strongly linked to the increased terrorist activities all over the world (  2002). In addition, the contributions raised in through Zakat are misunderstood as avenues for financing war activities rather than benefiting the less fortunate. This has sparked rivalry among people since Muslims are considered as threat to world peace. This has been witnessed in conflicts based on religious inclination in some countries such as Nigeria. This rivalry would also be said of conflicts of America and nations with majority Muslims such as Afghanistan. This perspective has misconceived the aim of Jihad and would be overcome through advocating for moral value of peace possible through tolerance of religious diversity by both sides. Islamic laws regulate behaviors, communications and modes of dressing that create disconnection with other practices in the world and this hinders interactions such as marriages and talks that include education. Varied practices related to religious faith does not allow free environment to interact and hence limit integration. This would be minimized through enhanced understanding of practices for both sides since ignorance of values observed by different religions induces misconceptions that limit interactions. Conclusion Muslim religion has induced controversy among followers and non-followers in contemporary society especially when world peace is considered. This paper has discussed Muslim teachings practiced over the world in attempt to resolve the controversy. Muslim practices are embedded in pillars developed following the Quran. These pillars are Shahada, Salat, Zakat, Sawm, Hajj, Jihad and Shariah. Provisions of this pillars aim at worshipping one God and are carried out all over the world though are shaped or shape cultures. Western nations show little support of Islam in aspects of life when compared to nation to the East. Islam contrasts Christianity and Judaism through belief in oneness of God and Muhammad, acknowledging other religions in Quran, single denomination, allowed polygamy and more restrictive behavior and dress codes. Different understandings of Islam by non-followers negatively impact interactions and communication with Muslims and this has led to religious conflicts. References: Esposito, J. L. (2002). Ten Things to Know About Islam. Teach Mideast. Retrieved 8 May 2014, from: http://www.teachmideast.org/essays/35-religion/58-ten-things-to-know-about-islam Pecorino, P. A. (2001). Religions of the World: Islam. Retrieved 8 May 2014, from: http://www.qcc.cuny.edu/socialSciences/ppecorino/PHIL_of_RELIGION_TEXT/CHAPTER_2_RELIGIONS/Islam.htm PRC. (2012). The World’s Muslims: Unity and Diversity. Pew Research Center. Retrieved 8 May 2014, from: http://www.pewforum.org/2012/08/09/the-worlds-muslims-unity-and-diversity-executive-summary/ UTA. (2009). Muslim Histories & Cultures. The University of Texas at Austin. Retrieved 8 May 2014, from: http://sites.la.utexas.edu/mhc/tag/islam/ WGBH. (2014). Islamic belief, Law, and Practice. PBS Frontline. Retrieved 8 May 2014, from: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/muslims/themes/beliefs.html

How accurate is Source A when applied to the activities of the Palestine Liberation Organisation under Yasser Arafat since the 1960s ?

Official Question: â€Å"How accurate is Source A when applied to the activities of the Palestine Liberation Organisation under Yasser Arafat since the 1960s ?† Remember: you can use the Sources but must NOT cop out my suggestions. You CAN use this set of notes to form an outline of your answer. Yoru answer does NOT have to be very long as you are only asked to COMMENT on four small Pieces of Evidence. You must end up with a Conclusion in which YOU say whether what Source A says is â€Å"Accurate† or â€Å"Inaccurate†, so you need to start of your answer by saying what â€Å"Accurate† means to an historian THIS COURSEWORK IS EASIER THAN IT LOOKS AT FIRST!! Source A: Political power grows out of the barrel of a gun [By Mao-Tse-Tung, Communist leader in the Civil War in China in the 1930s. He wrote this line in a book in 1938. In 1948 he took over all of China and became its leader. He was never elected] Source B: Since the 1980s, Yasser Araft has tried hard to change his image from that of â€Å"freedom fighter† to the idea of a sensible, moderate statesman. In 1988 he agreed that Israel had the right to exist [before he had wanted to wipe the whole country off the map]; in 1993, after secret meetings, he signed a peace deal with Israel. This gained some home rule and freedom for some Palestinians, but then people inside his own party, the PLO, began criticising him for doing a deal with the enemy. One group split away and formed a â€Å"terrorist† group named Hamas† [From a school text book published in 1997. Hamas still exists. The suicide â€Å"terrorist† bombers killing people in Israel today are from Hamas] Source C: When we hijack a plane it is more effective than killing 100 Israelis in war. The whole world now notices us, whereas before the world ignored us. The world is talking about us now [From interviews with PLO members in the 1970s, written up in a book published in 1997] Source D: Democratic governments will never give in to blackmail, violence and terror. Appeasement [being nice to the enemy] will only encourage more terror and bring more death [From a British newspaper in 2001 after Arab â€Å"terrorist† supporters of the Palestinians had tried to blow up the World Trade Centre in New York. This was before the September 11th attack on the Two Towers] Most countries in the world now change governments by having elections and votes. This was not always the case. In the 1930s the Mao-Tse-Tung said that elections were a waste of time and that if you wanted to get into power you had to use violence [See Source A] Once he had seized power in China he banned all elections [in case he lost !} and China is still a Communist country even today. So his Plan worked !!! You can see why it would seem attractive to small, unhappy groups of people such as the Palestinian Arabs, many of whom had been thrown out of their â€Å"own† land after the return of the Jews and after Israel had been set up as an independent country in 1948. Under its leader Yasser Arafat the PLO avoided fighting the Israelis face-to-face [there have been 4 Arab-Israeli wars, and the Israelis won all 4] and began to use what they called â€Å"guerrilla† or â€Å"freedom† fighting ideas [such as ambushes, bombings, assassinations etc] but which the Israelis and their powerful American allies still call â€Å"terrorism† [Remember George Bush calls the fighting in Iraq part of his struggle against â€Å"the world of terrorism†. The PLO claimed it was only using the same methods the Jews had used against the Romans 2000 years ago and also against the British army between 1945-1948, when some Jews killed British soldiers to try to get the British government to give the Jewish people their own homeland. So, said the Palestinians, if it was alright for you to use nasty ways of fighting to gain your freedom, then we can use the same ways ourselves. The problem is the use of the word â€Å"terrorism†, which is a word always used by one side to claim the other side is not fighting â€Å"decently† and â€Å"fairly†. A MODEL ANSWER [Do NOT copy this] Official Question: â€Å"How accurate is Source A when applied to the activities of the Palestine Liberation Organisation under Yasser Arafat since the 1960s ?† When a historian writes about the past he/she always tries to use evidence and sources to write a book that is â€Å"accurate†, by which he/she means does it tell the truth, or as near as we can get to the truth. The trouble is that there are always at least two sides to any argument [often many more] and even people on the same side will disagree with their own side, and sometimes start little civil wars. Also, people's ideas change: if their original plans do not work, sensible political leaders change their plans. This is what seems to have happened in the middle east situation, where both Palestinians Arabs and Israeli Jews claim the same piece of Land is â€Å"theirs†. By the 1960s the Palestinian Arabs were desperate. They claimed they had been thrown out of â€Å"their† homeland, where they had lived for 2000 years, by the Israeli Jews who had themselves been thrown out by the Romans 2000 years ago. These Jews had been moving back since the beginning of the 20th century, but huge numbers moved in after WW2 saying they wanted a land of their own where such horrors as the Nazi gas-chambers could never happen again. The Palestinian Arabs were sorry about what the Germans had done to the Jews, but said it had nothing to do with them. Even so, in 1948 a brand new country called Israel came into existence, and many thousands of Palestinian Arabs lost their land. The problem is still going on right now. Between 1948 and 1973 there were four Wars between the Israelis and the Arabs, trying to get the Palestinian Arabs back â€Å"home†, but the Arabs lost all four. So young Palestinian Arab men, lead by Yasser Arafat, set up the Palestine Liberation Organisation to win â€Å"freedom† [that's what Liberation means] for their people, this time using different ways of fighting: ambushes, bombings, sabotage, assassination, which they claimed they had copied from the Jews themselves. They based these plans on the words of the successful Chinese leader Mao-Tse-Tung [See Source A] but, basically, they didn't work. The world took no notice. So the PLO switched to blowing up targets outside Israel, in countries friendly to Israel: this was to get the world to at least notice there was a problem [see Source C]. Then, having got the rest of the world [especially the USA] to take some interest, Arafat switched his plans and starting talking to the Israelis, just as if he had always been a normal leader. The Israelis wanted peace [they said] so a peace deal was signed [see Source B]. But some PLO members said that Arafat had sold them out by talking to the enemy Israel, and they continued with their ideas of â€Å"terrorism†, even attacking their old friends in the PLO and, as we know now, committing acts of â€Å"terrorism† in other countries [see Source D]. Remember the connection between the Palestinian people's problems and the attacks in New York and Washington DC on 11/9/2001 by Al-Qaeda and Osama bin Laden. So Source A was accurate once: â€Å"terrorism† used to work. But eventually both sides agree that it is better to sit down and talk, with both sides making a deal. [This is what is happening in Northern Ireland, where the IRA and the British are working with each other, while 20 years ago they were killing each other]. The problem in the Middle east is to convince people who have hated each other on-and-off for thousands of years that they can sit down, talk, and possibly even live side-by-side.

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The barque of dante - Research Paper Example The backdrop is infused by an ambiance of disaster and dreadful hopelessness. The agonizing cadence, produced by the squirming glowing images in the center, stirs up eroticism. Physical and emotional strains have been highlighted by the shadowy, heavy colors. Delacroix had labored uncontrollably for several months to have his early work of art finished for the 1822 Salon judgment and once he had finished this canvass he was completely drained. But this relentless effort paid off eventually. The Barque of Dante was presented to the Salon jury, and gives definite recognition of its indebtedness to The Raft of the Medusa of Gericault. Without a doubt, the painting’s influence is not only confined to The Barque of Dante but also to Delacroix’s later works, such as The Shipwreck of Don Juan. However, Delacroix had a lot more to find out about the Raft. Gericault, in showing the dilemma of the shipwrecked all over the world, had established the footing for the artistic revolution. The big figures positioned near to the gaper are possibly suggestive of Gericault in the sense in which they occupy the exterior of the painting and in their secluded immensity. In 1822, Thiers described The Barque of Dante in a single statement: â€Å"No canvas better reveals the future of a great painter† (Fletcher 2002, 1499). With this new theme aroused by Dante’s Inferno, the solemn vision and deeply striking imagery, as well as allusions to Rubens and Michelangelo, Delacroix drove painting in a different path, eventually to be categorized as ‘romantic’. The era of classical visual artists copying Roman and Greek painting had ended: modern-day preferences have completely abandoned them. The core design of The Barque of Dante is that remarkable talents from other places have produced literary creations filled with a way of viewing and sensing somewhat distinct from that of the French.

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Child Development - Essay Example This is what will be dissertated in the following. The study of child development truly and utterly encompasses that of all the human aspects of human growth from birth to adolescence, and this includes that of the progressive elaboration of the child's intellectual skills; personality development, involving the complex interaction between psychosocial factors and the stage-by-stage development of the body; and socialization, the process by which children adjust to society and its demands. As well, "Child development information can help parents know when they are expecting too much from a child as well as become aware of lags in development that may benefit from professional help." (Child Development Institution, 2006). The child development process begins at birth, and there is one matter that needs to be begun at the birth and then carried on throughout the child's life; this is the fact that you need to play with your child. While children are going to need their own space and thus have play time alone or with other children, research has shown that playtime with parents is truly also essential. Children actually crave playtime with their parents, and playing with your child is a bond that will last forever. There are many benefits that come from playing with your child as well, and that includes the fact that "It lets the child know he or she is loved and appreciatedas wellIt opens the door for sharing problems and concerns when the need arisesfurthermoreIt is also a great stress reducer for overworked parents." (Child, 2006). There are certain development milestones as well that are incredibly important to recognize, and this too begins right from the birth of the child, and then carries on th rough until adolescence. These developmental milestones include that of several different categories in particular, including: motor, speech, vision and hearing, and social development. We will being with the age of 4-6 weeks, which the child should be able to smile at the mother; 6-8 weeks the child should be able to vocalize at least a little bit; at 3 months, the child should be able to hold their head up for prolonged periods, with no grasp reflex, they should be talking a great deal, be able to follow dangling toys from side to side and be able to turn their head around, and they should be able to squeal with pleasure appropriately and discriminate smile; at 5 months, the child should be able to hold head steady, go for objects and get them, enjoy vocal play, smile at their mirror image; at 6 months, the child should be able to transfer objects from one hand to the other, be able to pull self up to sit and be able to sit erect with supports, be able to pronounce double syllable sounds such as 'mumum' and 'dada', localize sound 45cm lateral to either ear, and they may show 'stranger shyness'; at 9-10 months, the child should be wiggling and crawling, they should be able to sit unsupported, and be able to pick up objects with a pincer grasp, they should be ab

Promotion of Stroke and Heart Diseases Research Paper

Promotion of Stroke and Heart Diseases - Research Paper Example This essay therefore explores the aforementioned elements in detail. Promotion of stroke and heart diseases Stroke and heart diseases are the third and the first reported diseases respectively that result into high death rate in both men and women in the United States of America. Additionally, they are considered to be the major widespread and high cost diseases that most nations have to deal with. However, it is important for citizens to take the initiative in order to prevent these particular diseases. This is because these type of diseases can be easily prevented and thus reduce the death rates caused by the same. According to research carried out by Smoller et al (2007) 33.6 % of total number of deaths that occurred in the United States of America were as a result of either stroke or other forms of heart diseases. Statistics further indicates that 150,000 deaths that occurred in 2007 in American were individuals below the age of 65. Moreover the aforementioned diseases not only c ause death but also disability with more than 4 million cases in the United States has been caused by the same. ... merica (Smoller et al., 2007).Therefore, treatment of both stroke and heart diseases impacts negatively on the funds and other resources of the country’s health care scheme. However, over the past years the rate of death caused by stroke and heart related illness has reduced considerable in the United States of America. Therefore, it is expected to reduce even further by 2020. However, among certain populations the incidences of the diseases in addition to death rates have remained high. For instance it has been reported that the diseases is commonly prevalent among certain ethnic and racial groups to be specific individuals living in South Eastern regions of the United States of America and those who experience low social economic status. A study carried out by Smoller et al (2007) indicated that African Americans are at a risk of dying from cardiovascular disease as compared to their white counterparts. Additionally, the percentage of women diagnosed with stroke annually is higher than that of men. Moreover, another study carried out by Karasek (1996) reported that American Indian and natives from Alaska have reported high percentage of premature deaths as a result of heart diseases as compared to other ethnic or racial groups in the United States of America. It is important to note that stroke and other forms of heart diseases are easier to prevent rather than to treat. Therefore individuals need to lead a positive lifestyle (Karasek, 1996).Tobacco smoking is one of the factors that can increase the chances of one suffering from either heart disease or stroke. Hence individuals are encouraged to stop smoking. Moreover, people should have a healthy weight and ensure that they are physically active (Kawachi et al., 1994). More importantly, it is important for people